{"id":1578,"date":"2025-05-20T21:12:55","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T14:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mienbacelectric.com\/?p=1578"},"modified":"2025-05-21T00:02:45","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T17:02:45","slug":"tu-dien-cong-nghiep-la-gi-phan-loai-tu-dien-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mienbacelectric.com\/?p=1578","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a> c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. V\u1eady t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n

1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1.1 Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i, c\u1ea7u dao,\u2026 v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m n\u01a1i l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i. N\u00f3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch ly nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

1.2. kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh. B\u1edfi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n cung \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c Composit. V\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f9y theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\"H\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

2. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n

2.1. V\u1ecf t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n

V\u1ecf t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean trong, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. V\u1ecf l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00f4n, inox, ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p v\u1edbi 2 m\u1eb7t s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

2.2. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n

N\u00fat nh\u1ea5n<\/strong>
\n\u1ede b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00fat nh\u1ea5n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. N\u00fat d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u0103t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

R\u01a1le<\/strong>
\nR\u01a1 le \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m: Ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m chung, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, m\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb, n\u1eafp, l\u00f2 xo, ngu\u1ed3n nu\u00f4i r\u01a1 le\u2026v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1 (Contacor)<\/strong>
\nC\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf c\u1ea7u giao. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb 2 \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111a. T\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

Aptomat<\/strong>
\nN\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. Aptomat \u0111ang d\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u giao hay c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi 2 lo\u1ea1i kia.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 relay nhi\u1ec7t, relay b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 pha, \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o\u2026<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hay th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 sau:Theo \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf: t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n trung th\u1ebf<\/a> v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf<\/a>
\nTheo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng: t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/a>, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c,\u2026
\nTheo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng: t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

4. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i hay t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IEC. N\u00ean khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty hay c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro cho m\u00e1y v\u00e0 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

5. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc, trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i\u2026<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. V\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, v\u01b0\u1eddn hoa,\u2026 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hay c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

6. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o, t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u01a1i ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

6.1 T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60439. V\u1ecf t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 n\u1eafp t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1eb7t h\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00f9y v\u00e0o t\u1eebng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. V\u1edbi \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ki\u1ec3u m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m ng\u0103n l\u1ed9 v\u00e0o, ng\u0103n ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t t\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u00fat nh\u1ea5n. B\u1edfi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt khi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 2 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng (MSB) v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i (DB).<\/p>\n

\"T\u1ee7
T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

6.2 T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trung t\u00e2m<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m.. c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m, tr\u1ea1m tr\u1ed9n b\u00ea t\u00f4ng,\u2026<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 phun s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m, b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n, b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng sao\/ tam gi\u00e1c, b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 hay \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

6.3 T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ATS (T\u1ee7 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ATS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho t\u1ea3i khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ee7 ATS c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1edbi sang ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cho ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ATS<\/p>\n

Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ee7 ATS s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00ednh sang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.
\nKhi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, t\u1ee7 ATS s\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.
\nVi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 ATS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo hai c\u00e1ch. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, hai l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng tay.<\/p>\n

\"T\u1ee7
T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ATS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

6.4 T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ee5 b\u00f9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee5 b\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, t\u1ee7 b\u00f9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 t\u1ee5 b\u00f9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng<\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft t\u1ee5 b\u00f9 khi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch pha qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0 0,95. Tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch pha tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ee7 t\u1ee5 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh. Gi\u00fap m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb hao ph\u00ed, gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. T\u1ee7 t\u1ee5 b\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u00f9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0 b\u00f9 t\u1eadp trung, b\u00f9 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, b\u00f9 theo nh\u00f3m, b\u00f9 n\u1ec1n, b\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2026<\/p>\n

\"T\u1ee7
T\u1ee7 b\u00f9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

6.5 T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u01a1m ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y b\u01a1m ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y. N\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u1ee7 t\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m ton kho\u1ea3ng 2mm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

6.6 T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u00f4n t\u1ea5m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n JIS 43302 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, En10142 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ASTM A653\/A653-08 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo hai c\u00e1ch: v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng tay. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. Theo \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd h\u1eb9n, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3ng hay c\u1eaft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng tay \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. V\u1eady t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[332,325,331,328,327,330,326,329],"yoast_head":"\nT\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p - C\u00d4NG TY TNHH C\u01a0 \u0110I\u1ec6N MI\u1ec0N B\u1eaeC. 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